Thermodynamics Calculators

Thermodynamics calculators provide essential computational tools for energy changes, entropy calculations, Gibbs free energy determinations, and heat transfer analysis. These specialized calculators help students and researchers predict reaction spontaneity, calculate enthalpy changes, estimate equilibrium constants, and analyze thermodynamic properties with precision and accuracy.

Use comprehensive thermodynamics tools for Hess’s Law applications, phase transition analysis, work calculations, and energy conversions. Each calculator implements fundamental thermodynamic principles including the laws of thermodynamics, state functions, and energy conservation to support accurate laboratory work and thermodynamic analysis in chemical systems.

⚠ Disclaimer: This calculator provides results based on standard formulas and simplified assumptions. It is intended for educational purposes only and should not be used for professional, medical, industrial, or experimental applications without expert verification.

ΔG from ΔH and ΔS Calculator

ΔH (kJ/mol) ΔS (J/mol·K) Temperature (K)

ΔG = ΔH – T·ΔS

ΔH from Bond Energies

Sum of bond energies of reactants (kJ/mol) Sum of bond energies of products (kJ/mol)

ΔH = ΣBonds broken – ΣBonds formed

Entropy Change (ΔS) Calculator

ΔS of products (J/mol·K) ΔS of reactants (J/mol·K)

ΔS = ΣS(products) – ΣS(reactants)

Heat Released in Reaction (q)

Mass (g) Specific heat capacity (J/g·K) Temperature change (K)

q = m·c·ΔT

Enthalpy of Formation Calculation

Sum of ΔHf of products (kJ/mol) Sum of ΔHf of reactants (kJ/mol)

ΔHreaction = ΣΔHf(products) – ΣΔHf(reactants)

Hess’ Law Calculator

ΔH step 1 (kJ/mol) ΔH step 2 (kJ/mol)

Total ΔH = sum of steps

Heat Capacity Estimation

Mass (g) Specific heat capacity (J/g·K)

C = m·c

Heat Required to Raise Temperature of Solution

Mass of solution (g) Specific heat (J/g·K) Temperature increase (K)

q = m·c·ΔT

Heat of Solution / Dissolution

Mass of solute (g) Enthalpy of solution (kJ/mol) Molar mass (g/mol)

q = n·ΔH = (mass/M)·ΔH

Phase Change Heat Calculator

Mass (g) Heat of phase change (J/g)

q = mass × ΔHphase

ΔG from Equilibrium Constant

Equilibrium constant (K) Temperature (K)

ΔG° = -RT ln K

ΔG at Non-standard Conditions

ΔG° (kJ/mol) Reaction quotient (Q) Temperature (K)

ΔG = ΔG° + RT ln Q

Free Energy for Mixing Solution

Mole fraction solute (X) Temperature (K)

ΔGmix = RT [X ln X + (1-X) ln(1-X)]

Spontaneity Calculator

ΔG (kJ/mol)

If ΔG < 0 → spontaneous

Temperature Effect on K

ΔH° (kJ/mol) ΔS° (J/mol·K)

T = ΔH / ΔS for ΔG=0

Entropy Change for Phase Transition

Heat of transition (J) Temperature (K)

ΔS = q / T

Gibbs-Helmholtz Equation Calculator

ΔH (kJ/mol) ΔG (kJ/mol) Temperature (K)

ΔG = ΔH – TΔS → ΔS = (ΔH – ΔG)/T

Work Done by Expansion / Compression

Pressure (Pa) Volume change (m³)

w = -P ΔV

Energy Conversion: calories ↔ joules

Energy

Heat of Neutralization

Volume of acid (L) Concentration of acid (mol/L) Temperature change (K) Specific heat (J/g·K) Mass of solution (g)

q = m·c·ΔT → ΔH = q / n